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$B!ZL\E*![(BPCI$BE,1~$N5u7l?4<@45452A$7!$$=$N(BPCI$BA08e$N7k2L$r8!F$$7$?!%!ZJ}K!![(B $B#1!KB,Dj!!86M}$N>\:Y$O$9$G$KJs9p$7$F$-$?!J(BKanai. H., et al IEEE 43:791, 1996$B!K!%%H%i%C%-%s%05/E@$O?4EE?^#RGH!$Cf3VJIFb7WB,E@$O1&<l9g$O:8<r7o2<$G!$3F?46ZAX$N8|$_JQ2=$rB,Dj$7$?!%(B2$B!KBP>]!!4'F0L.B$1F8!::$r;\9T$7!$INc$rBP>]$H$7$?!%$^$:!$(BPCI$BA0$K>e5-$NJ}K!$G%3%s%H%m!<%k$N%G!<%?$r7WB,$7!$(BPCI$B@.8y8eMbF|!JLs(B24$B;~4V8e!KF1J}K!$G%U%)%m!<%"%C%W$7$?!%!Z7k2L![!!!!(BPCI$BA08e$G?430Kl$N8|$_$OM-0U$JJQ2=$r<($5$J$+$C$?!J(BPCI$BA0(B114.6 $B!^(B12.7% vs PCI$B8e(B117.4$B!^(B12.1%$B!K!%$3$l$KBP$7$FFbKlB&$N8|$_$OM-0U$JJQ2=$r<($7$?!%(BPCI$BA0$NFbKl$N8|$_JQ2=$O(B147.7$B!^(B13.9%$B$KBP$7$F(BPCI$B8e$O(B241.5$B!^(B28.6%$B$G$"$k!J(BP< 0.05 n=3$B!K!%!Z7kO@![!!4'F0L.69:u$K$h$k?4FbKl<}=L@-JQ2=$NI>2A$K$OK\J}K!$OM-8z$G$"$k$H9M$($i$l$k!%(B |
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26-12$B!!(B(11$B!'(B10-11$B!'(B20) |
$B!!1?F0Ii2Y$K$*$1$k4'F0L.7lN.7WB,$NM-MQ@-$H8B3&(B |
$B!!!!!!=)EDBg3X0e3XIt>.;y2J(B | $BEgED!!=SN |
| $BEDB |
$B!!!!!!F1?4B!7l4I302J(B | $B;3K\!!J8M:(B |
$B!ZGX7J![1?F0$K$h$k?46Z;@AG<{MWA}2C$KH<$$4'F0L.7lN.$OA}2C$9$k$,!$$3$l$i$K4X$9$kCN8+$OK3$7$$!%!ZL\E*![1?F0Ii2YCf$N(BLAD$B7lN.B.EYJQ2=$rL@$i$+$K$7!$NW>21~MQ$r8!F$$9$k$3$H!%!ZJ}K!![BP>]$O@5>o>.;y(B16$BNc!$@n:jIB4{1};y(B15$BNc!$%U%!%m!<;MD'>I(B(T/F)$B=Q8e(B7$BNc!$HnBg7??46Z>I(B(HCM)3$BNc!%H>:B0L7?%(%k%4%a!<%?$rMQ$$<+3PE*:GBg1?F0;~$^$GIi2Y$7!$%I%W%i!e>:$HBNF0$K$h$j8!=PN($ODc2<$7$?!%1?F0Ii2Y$K$h$j(BLAD$B:GBg7lN.B.EY$OA4Nc$GM-0U$KA}2C$7$?!%Ii2YA0$HIi2YCf$N(BLAD$B7lN.B.EYJQ2=N($O@5>o>.;y!$@n:jIB4{1};y$KHf$7(BT/F$B!$(BHCM$B72$GM-0U$KDcCM$G$"$C$?!%!Z7k8l![(BT/F,HCM$B72$K$*$1$k4'F0L.7lN.B.EYJQ2=$NDc2<$O!$1?F0;~?46Z;@AG<{MW!$6!5k$NIT6Q9U$r<(:6$9$k!%9b2rA|EY$N?4%(%3!<$K$h$j1?F0;~?45!G=M=HwG=$H4'F0L.7lN.$H$N4X78$rHs?/=1E*$KI>2A$G$-$k!%(B |
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$B#4!!4pAC!!(B(14:40-15:20) | $B:BD9!!ElKLBg3XBg3X1!9)3X8&5f2J!!D9C+@n1QG7!!@h@8(B |
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26-13$B!!(B(14$B!'(B40-14$B!'(B50) |
$B!!1zLL(BPVDF$B%H%i%s%9%G%e!<%5$rMQ$$$?%$%s%Q%k%9D62;GH$N2hA|2=$N4pAC |
$B!!!!!!=)EDBg3X9)3X;q8;3XIt(B | $BBg20I_29;R!$5HED!!BYIW!$0f>e!!9@(B |
$B!!$3$l$^$G!$%Y!<%/%i%$%H$G%P%C%-%s%0$7$?J?LL(BPVDF$B%H%i%s%9%G%e!<%5$rMQ$$$F!$C;$$C16K@-%Q%k%9D62;GH$NAwGH5Z$S7B(B10mm$B!$3+8}3Q(B66deg$B!$8|$_Ls(B32$B&L(Bm$B$G!$%Y!<%/%i%$%H$G%P%C%-%s%0$7$?9=B$$N1zLL%H%i%s%9%G%e!<%5$r;n:n$7$?!%%H%i%s%9%G%e!<%5$O!$N)$A>e$,$j;~4V$NAa$$%9%F%C%WEE05$G6nF0$5$l!$AwGH$5$l$k%$%s%Q%k%9D62;GH$N2;>l5Z$SCf?4<4>e$N%Q%k%9I}$J$I$N4pACFC@-$r%K!<%I%k7?%O%$%I%m%U%)%s$GB,Dj$7$?!%Aw |
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26-14$B!!(B(14$B!'(B50-15$B!'(B00) |
$B!!(BLevovist$B$K$*$1$k%5%V%O!<%b%K%/%9$N@8@.$K$D$$$F(B |
$B!!!!!!;37ABg3X9)3XItM}9)3X8&5f2J(B | $BIqAp!!Gl=(!$H,LZ!!M-5#(B |
$B!!!!!!F11~MQ@8L?%7%9%F%`9)3X2J(B | $B?<8+!!CiE5!$@VDM!!9'M:(B |
$B!!!!!!F1>pJs2J3X2J(B | $BLxED!!M5N4(B |
$B!!B$1F:^$X$ND62;GH%Q%k%9>HHu$N4(E7$K(B5.0mm$B7B$N7j$r3+$1!$(B0.5mg/ml$B$N(BLevovist$BMO1U$rFbIt$KCmF~$7!$C10l1_HD%H%i%s%G%f!<%5$rMQ$$$FCf?4<~GH?t(B1.7MHz$B!$(B10$BGHD9$N%Q%k%9$r(BPRF=500Hz$B$G>H |
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26-15$B!!(B(15$B!'(B00-15$B!'(B10) |
$B!!(BA laser induced pulsed micro liquid jet device for surgical applications |
$B!!!!!!(BShock Wave Research Center, Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University |
| Viren, M.$B!$(BTakayama, K. |
$B!!!!!!(BDepartment of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Grad. School of Medicine |
| Nakagawa, A.,$B!!(B Sato, Y. |
$B!!(BA Ho: YAG Laser based pulsed micro liquid jet device has been developed for soft tissue incision in neuroendoscopic surgery. The system used to generate the jet comprises a 4 Fr catheter, which is filled with a cold (5oC) physiological saline solution into which an optical fiber connected to the laser is drawn. The end of the catheter is fixed with a micro metallic nozzle of 100~200mm diameter. A laser irradiation within the catheter brings about evaporation of the solution generating a vapor bubble, which rapidly grows between the point of energy deposition and the catheter exit, pushing a small volume of liquid out of the micro nozzle exit. The measured average velocity of the jet is around 16.53m/s.
The thermal effect and controllability of the jet were first investigated using an artificial tissue model (10% gelatin, thickness: 1 mm) and then the jet was used to dissect the ventricular wall of cadaver rabbit. Gelatin phantom could be cut into desirable shape without significant thermal effect and in an intentional manner under good surgical view.
$B!!(BThe results indicate that the pulsed Laser Induced Liquid Jet (LILJ) has a good scope to become a safe and reliable dissecting method for endoscopic procedures. |
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26-16$B!!(B(15$B!'(B10-15$B!'(B20) |
$B!!?4< |
$B!!!!!!ElKLBg3XBg3X1!9)3X8&5f2JEE;R9)3X@l96(B | $B6b0f!!9@(B |
$B!!!!!!ElKLBg3XBg3X1!0e3X7O8&5f2J0e2J3X@l96(B | $B>.4d!!4nO:(B |
$B!!!!!!ElKL8|@8G/6bIB1!!!(B | $BEDCf!!85D>(B |
$B!!2f!9$O!$GoF0$K$h$C$FBg$-$/F0$$$F$$$k?4B!JI>e$N?6I}?t==%_%/%m%s0J2<$NHy>.1?F0B.EYGH7A$r?tI4(BHz$B$^$G$NBS0h$K$o$?$j9b@:EY$K7WB,$9$k0LAj:9%H%i%C%-%s%0K!$r3+H/$7$?!%K\Js9p$G$O!$$5$i$KD62;GH%S!<%`$rG$0U$N(B10$BJ}8~$KAw?.$9$k$3$H$K$h$j!$:8?4<<$N?tI4E@$K$*$1$kHy>.1?F0B.EYGH7A$rF1;~$K7WB,$7$?!%$5$i$K!$$=$NB.EYGH7A$KC;6h4V%U!<%j%(JQ49;\$7!$F@$i$l$?0LAjCM$r?tI4E@$G5a$a%+%i!<%3!<%I$K$h$C$F%+%i!<2hA|$r@8@.$7$?!%$3$N%+%i!<2hA|$r?t(Bms$B4V3V$GI=<($9$k$3$H$K$h$C$F!$?46Z>e$r%Q%k%9>u$N?6F0$,EAHB$9$kMM;R$r2hA|2=$9$k$3$H$K@.8y$7$?!%$3$NEAHBB.EY$,7r>o |
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$B#5!!J"It-6B>!!(B(15:20-15:50) | $B:BD9!!8xN)2#BM5;R!!@h@8(B |
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26-17$B!!(B(15$B!'(B20-15$B!'(B30) |
$B!!Ev1!$K$*$1$k@07A302J(BUS$B$N8=67(B |
$B!!!!!!0eNEK!?ML@OB2q!!CfDLAm9gIB1!!!@8M}8!::2](B |
| $B5WJ]ED@/> |
| $B2C2lC+KS;R!$EOn49>?H;R!$BgC]!!Kc;R!$>.Ln!!Ci5H(B |
$B!!(B1999$BG/(B9$B7n$K(B13MHz$B$N9b<~GH%W%m!<%V$rF3F~$7$F$+$i$N(B3$BG/(B6$B%17n4V$NEv1!@07A302J$+$i$N(BUS$B8!::$NFbMF$K$D$$$FD4::$7$?!%D4::4|4V$O(B2000$BG/(B1$B7n$+$i(B2003$BG/(B6$B7n$^$G$N(B3$BG/(B6$B%17n!%$3$N4|4V$N8!::Am?t$O(B56026$B7o$G@07A302J$+$i$N0MMj$O30Mh!&F~1!9g$o$;$F(B861$B7o!J(B1.54$B!s!K$G$"$C$?!%8!::It0L$H$7$F$OF,ptIt(B15$B!&8*(B15$B!&>eOS(B21$B!&A0OS(B22$B!&8(B20$B!&;X(B139$B!&I!J(BDVT$B!K$K4X$9$k8!::$N0MMj$,(B158$B7o!J(B18.4$B!s!K$"$j!$6aG/A}2C798~$K$"$C$?!%J;$;$FEv1!$G$OHf3SE*5)$JFsJ,@TDG$J$I$N>INc$r6!Mw$9$k!%(B |
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26-18$B!!(B(15$B!'(B30-15$B!'(B40) |
$B!!Kv>?C@4I3HD%$rH<$C$?86H/@-4N:YK&4b$N#1Nc(B |
$B!!!!!!=)ED@V==;zIB1!!!>C2=4o2J(B | $B;3Cf!!9/@8!$@PED!!=(L@!$>.>>EDCRLi!$NkLZ!!=SIW!$(B |
| $B1sF#!!0=;R(B |
$B!!!!!!F1J|$B5\Fb!!9'<#!$J?0B!!L>>o(B | |
$B!!!!!!F1IBM}It!!(B | $B@FF#!!8,(B |
$B!!!!!!F1302J(B | $B:n:8ItBg!$4X!!?N;K!!!$BgFb?50lO:(B |
$B!Z>INc![#7#2:P=w@-!%4N5!G=0[>o$N@:::L\E*$KEv2J?C@4I3HD%$rH<$C$F$$$?!%<~0O4N$OD62;GH>e@5>o$G$"$C$?!%4N1j%&%$%k%9%^!<%+!<$OA4$F1"@-$G!$3FoHO0OFb$G$"$C$?!%D62;GHB$1F8!::$G$OAa4|$+$io4N$G$"$C$?!%!Z?GCGAuCV![EloHO0OFb$G!$Kv>?C@4I3HD%$rH<$$!$@5>o4N$KH/@8$7$?$?$a!$?GCG$K6lN8$7$?86H/@-4N:YK&4b$N0lNc$rJs9p$7$?!%2hA|?GCG$N@:EY$r99$K8~>e$5$;$k$?$a$K$O!$:#8eF1MM$N>INc$NC_@Q$,I,MW$G$"$k!%(B |
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26-19$B!!(B(15$B!'(B40-15$B!'(B50) |
$B!!??@-B?7l>I$K9gJ;$7$?9-HO0OLgL.7O7l@r>I$,>.D22u;`$r0z$-5/$3$7$?(B1$B>INc(B |
$B!!!!!!0eNEK!?ML@OB2q!!CfDLAm9gIB1!!!@8M}8!::2](B |
| $B:YC+M34u;R!$5WJ]ED@/>.Ln!!Ci5H(B |
$B!!>INc$O(B68$B:P=w@-!%J?@.(B11$BG/$h$j9b7l05!$??@-B?7l>I!$86H/@-7l>.HD7l>I$K$FEv1!Fb2JDL1!Cf!%J?@.(B14$BG/(B12$B7n(B18$BF|!$(B2?3$BF|A0$+$i$N:8B&J"ItDK$rI>u0-2=!$(BCT$B$K$FLgL.7O$N9-HO0O$J7l@r$OHf3SE*?7$7$$ItJ,$b$"$k$,BgItJ,$ODD5l@-$G!$:8J"It$K7lN.Dc2<$7$?D24I$,G'$a$i$l$?$?$a>.D22u;`$,5?$o$l6[5^u$NB&I{7l9TO)$,CxL@$KH/C#$7$F$$$?!%$=$N8e%X%Q%j%s2=!$%o!<%U%!%j%sFbI~$K$F%3%s%H%m!<%kCf!%(B1$B7n(B6$BF|(BCT$B$K$F(BSMV,SPV,PV$B$N7l@r$N=.$H4NLgIt$K5a4N@-$NLV>uB&I{7l9TO)$,3NG'$5$l$?!%(B |
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$B#6!!=[4D4o-7!!(B(15:50-16:40) | $B:BD9!!CSED0e1!!!CSEDK'?.!!@h@8(B |
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26-20$B!!(B(15$B!'(B50-16$B!'(B00) |
$B!!2hA|05=L5;=Q$rMQ$$$?F02h%U%!%$%j%s%0%7%9%F%`$N9=C[(B |
$B!!!!!!=)ED8)@.?MIB0eNE%;%s%?!<=[4D4o2J(B | $B7'C+!!H%!$LgOF!!8,!$0$It!!K'5W!$:4F#!!6)Li!$(B |
| $B;01:!!P|(B |
$B!!!!!!Cf9~Fb2J0e1!(B | $BCf9~!!98(B |
$B!!=>Mh$N%S%G%*%F!<%W5-O?$KBe$o$k!$H$9$k$3$H$,2DG=$H$J$C$?!%$9$Y$F$N%O!<%I%&%'%"$KHFMQIJ$r;H$$!$%=%U%H%&%'%"$K$b%U%j!<%&%'%"$rMxMQ$9$k$3$H$G!$F3F~%3%9%H$NDc8:$r?^$C$?!%4{$K2TF08e#6%v7n4V0J>e7P2a$7$F$$$k$,!$%H%i%V%k$O$J$/1!Fb$G9b$$I>2A$,F@$i$l$F$$$k!%(B |
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26-21$B!!(B(16$B!'(B00-16$B!'(B10) |
$B!!BgF0L.J[F}F,>uCF@-@~0] |
$B!!!!!!9qN)@gBfIB1!!!NW>28!::2J(B | $B0pED!!M}0a!$:0Ln!!9,51(B |
$B!Z>INc![(B45$B:P!$=w@-!!(B2003$BG/(B1$B7n;R5\6Z R2p!%?4B!D62;GH8!::$K$F!$BgF0L.J[L54'@m$K(B6mm$BBg$NuCF@-2J$H$J$C$?!%!Zu$r<($7$F$$$?!%Bh0lAX$OFbHi:YK&$KJ$$o$l!$4puCF@-@~0]uCF@-@~0] INcDs<($9$k!%(B |
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26-22$B!!(B(16$B!'(B10-16$B!'(B20) |
$B!!>eBg@EL.>I8u72$KBP$7$F%$%s%?!<%Y%s%7%g%s$r;\9T$7?4%?%s%]%J!<%G$rMh$?$75_L?$7$($?0lNc(B |
$B!!!!!!ElKLCf1{IB1!!!=[4D4oFb2J(B | $B6bC+!!F)!$!!;38}!!2B;R!$:XF#!!O/!$:y0f!!@6M[(B |
$B!!!!!!F1J|$BBgC]!!=$0l(B | |
$B!!!!!!;37A:Q@8IB1!J|$BEOJU!!=g5W(B | |
$B!!:#2s2f!9$OGY4b$K$h$k>eBg@EL.>I8u72$KBP$7$F%$%s%?!<%Y%s%7%g%s!J(BPTA$B!K$r;\9T$7$?:]$K>eBg@EL.$N(Btear$B$K$h$k$H9M$($i$l$??4%?%s%]%J!<%G$r@8$8$?0lNc$r7P83$7$?$N$G%$%s%?!<%Y%s%7%g%s;~$N(BIVUS$B=j8+$H%?%s%]%J!<%G;~$N%(%3!<=j8+$rCf?4$KJs9p$9$k!%>INc$O#7#6:PCK@-$G>eBg@EL.$NJD:I$K$h$k>I>u$,6/$/!$(BPTA$BL\E*$GEv2J$KE>2J!%%P%k!<%s$G#22sL\$N(BPTA$B$r;\9T$9$kD>A0$K>uBV5^JQ!$?4%(%3!<$K$F%?%s%]%J!<%G$H?GCG$5$l!$$9$0$K?4$N$&@|;I;\9T$9$k$b$J$+$J$+>uBV$N2~A1$,F@$i$l$:!$?M9)8F5[!$Jd1U!$>:05Lt$J$I$bF1;~$K;\9T!$EjM?$7$?!%(BTear$B$,5/$-$?$H9M$($i$l$kIt0L$r:FEY(Bballooning$B$9$k$b8z2L$O0l;~E*$G$"$C$?!%:G=*E*$K$O%+%P!<%I%9%F%s%H$rF1It0L$K?"$(9~$s$G>uBV$,0BDj$7$?!%(B |
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26-23$B!!(B(16$B!'(B20-16$B!'(B30) |
$B!!?4ITA4B[;y$K$*$1$kAH?%%I%W%iK!$rMQ$$$?DjNLE*1&<<5!G=(B |
$B!!!!!!=)EDBg3X>.;y2J(B | $B@DLZ;0;^;R!$86ED!!7rFs!$@P0f!!<#2B!$EgED!!=SN |
| $BEDB |
$B!ZGX7J![:G6aAH?%%I%W%iK!(B(TDI)$B$rMQ$$$??45!G=I>2AK!$,CmL\$5$l$F$$$k$,!$B[;y?4ITA4$N?GCGK!$H$7$F$O3NN)$5$l$F$$$J$$!%!ZL\E*![(BTDI$B$K$h$jB[;y$N1&<<5!G=$rI>2A$9$k$3$H!%!ZJ}K!![BP>]$O?4ITA4B[;y(B7$BNc!$@5>oB[;y(B36$BNc$N7W(B43$BNc!%(BAloka SSD5500$B$rMQ$$$F!$%Q%k%9%I%W%iK!$*$h$S(BTDI$B$+$i(BE/Ea$B$r;;=P$7?4K<05$N;XI8$H$7!$;0@mJ[NXJI1?F0B.EYGH7A$+$i(BTei index$B$r;;=P$7$?!%!Z7k2L![(BEa$B!$(BSa$B!$(BE $B$ON>724V$G:9$O$J$+$C$?!%?4ITA4B[;y$N(BE/Ea$B$*$h$S(BTDI-Tei index$B$OM-0U$K9bCM$r<($7!$(BE/Ea$B$O(B6$BNc$,!$(BTDI-Tei index$B$OA4Nc$,(B2SD$B0J>e$G$"$C$?!%(BTDI-Tei index$B$,(B0.8$B0J>e$N?4ITA4B[;y(B3$BNc$OM=8eITNI$G$"$C$?!%!Z7k8l![(BTDI-Tei index$B$*$h$S(BE/Ea$B$OB[;y1&<<5!G=I>2A$KM-MQ$G$"$C$?!%(B |
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26-24$B!!(B(16$B!'(B30-16$B!'(B40) |
$B!!(Bisolated left ventricular non-compaction$B!!$N0lNc(B |
$B!!!!!!=)EDBg3X0e3XItBh#2Fb2J(B | $BEOn4!!GnG7!$F#0f!!M5;R!$DEC+!!M5G7!$=!5W!!2B;R!$(B |
| $B@FF#!!?r(B |
$B!!!!!!$-$S$iFb2J%/%j%K%C%/(B | $B54J?!!Ao(B |
$B!Z>INc![#2#4:P=w@-!!!Z4{1}Nr![@88e#4%v7n$G?4ITA4$rH/>I!$:8<<3HBg!$:8<<6n=PN($NDc2I>u$O$J$+$C$?!%!Z7k2L![?4EE?^>e#W#P#W>I8u72$rG'$a$?!%?4%(%3!<>e#1!K:8<4@mIt2e(B intertrabecular space $B$K?<$/F~$j9~$`7lN.$r$H$i$($?!%#4!K:8<<<}=L@-$OA0JICf3V$H2e5-D62;GH=j8+$+$iK\>INc$O(B $B5)$J?46Z>I$G$"$k(Bisolated left ventricular non-compaction $B$H?GCG$5$l$?!%(B |
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$BJD2q$N$"$$$5$D!!(B(16:40-16:45) | $BElKLCOJ}2q1?1D0Q0wD9!!C*66A19n!!@h@8(B |